人体解剖学基本词汇英汉-Sportpro雷州雷剧
systematic anatomy系统解剖学
regional anatomy（topographic anatomy·）局部解剖学
anatomical position解剖学姿势
superior上
inferior下
anterior前
posterior后
medial内侧
lateral外侧
superficial浅
deep深
internal 内
external外
proximal近侧
distal远侧
vertical axis垂直轴
sagittal axis矢状轴
coronal axis（frontal axis）冠状轴（额状轴）
sagittal plane矢状面
coronal plane（frontal plane）冠状面（额状面）
horizontal plane（transverse plane）水平面（横切面）
I.Locomotor System运动系统
1.Bony System (Osteology）骨学
long bone长骨
short bone短骨
flat bone扁骨
irregular bone不规则骨
sesamoid bone籽骨
compact bone（dense bone）骨密质
cancellous bone（spongy bone）骨松质
diploe板障
periosteum骨膜
bone marrow骨髓
(1)Bones of Trunk躯干骨
vertebrae椎骨
cervical vertebrae颈椎
thoracic vertebrae胸椎
lumbar vertebrae腰椎
sacrum骶骨
coccyx尾骨
atlas寰椎
axis枢椎
vertebra prominens隆椎
sternum胸骨
rib肋骨
costal cartilage肋软骨
(2)Skull颅
frontal bone额骨
ethmoid bone筛骨
sphenoid bone蝶骨
parietal bone顶骨
temporal bone颞骨
occipital bone枕骨
maxilla上颌骨
zygomatic bone颧骨
palatine bone腭骨
nasal bone鼻骨
lacrimal bone泪骨
inferior nasal concha下鼻甲
vomer犁骨
mandible下颌骨
hyoid bone舌骨
(3)Bones of Upper Limb上肢骨
clavicle锁骨
scapula肩胛骨
humerus肱骨
ulna尺骨
radius桡骨
scaphoid bone手舟骨
lunate bone月骨
triquetral bone三角骨
pisiform bone豌豆骨
trapezium bone大多角骨
trapezoid bone小多角骨
capitate bone头状骨
hamate bone钩骨
metacarpal bones掌骨
phalanges指骨
(4)Bones of Lower Limb下肢骨
hip bone髋骨
ilium髂骨
ischium坐骨
pubis耻骨
femur股骨
patella髌骨
tibia胫骨
fibula腓骨
talus距骨
calcaneus跟骨
navicular bone足舟骨
medial cuneiform bone内侧楔骨
intermediate cuneiform bone中间楔骨
lateral cuneiform bone外侧楔骨
cuboid bone骰骨
metartarsal bones跖骨
phalanges of toes趾骨
2.Arthrology关节学
joint（articulation）关节
ligament韧带
flexion屈
extension伸
adduction收
abduction展
pronation旋前
supination旋后
rotation旋转
circumduction环转
(1)Joints of Bones of Trunk躯干骨的连结
vertebral column脊柱
intervertebral disc椎间盘
annulus fibrosus纤维环
nucleus pulposus髓核
anterior longitudinal ligament前纵韧带
posterior longitudinal ligament后纵韧带
cervical curve颈曲
thoracic curve胸曲
lumbar curve腰曲
sacral curve骶曲
thoracic cage胸廓
costal arch肋弓
(2)Synovial Joint of Skull颅的连结
temporomandibular joint颞下颌关节
(3)Joints of Upper Limb上肢骨连结
shoulder joint肩关节
elbow joint肘关节
wrist joint（radiocarpal joint）腕关节（桡腕关节）
(4)Joints of Lower Limb下肢骨连结
pelvis骨盆
hip joint髋关节
knee joint膝关节
medial meniscus内侧半月板
lateral meniscus外侧半月板
ankle joint（talocrural joint）踝关节（距小腿关节）
arch of foot足弓
3.Myology（Muscular System）肌学
muscle肌
long muscle长肌
short muscle短肌
flat muscle扁肌
orbicular muscle轮匝肌
superficial fascia（subcutaneous fascia）浅筋膜
deep fascia（proper fascia）深筋膜
(1)Muscles of Head头肌
1)Facial Muscles面肌
Epicranius（occipitofrontalis）颅顶吴美廷肌（枕额布鲁迪肌）
galea aponeurotica帽状腱膜
orbicularis oculi眼轮匝肌
orbicularis oris口轮匝肌
2)Masticatory Muscles咀嚼肌
masseter咬肌
temporalis颞肌
lateral pterygoid翼外肌
medial pterygoid翼内肌
(2)Muscles of Neck颈肌
platysma颈阔肌
sternocleidomastoid胸锁乳突肌
scalenus anterior前斜角肌
(3)Muscles of Trunk躯干肌
1)Muscles of Back背肌
trapezius斜方肌
latissimus dorsi背阔肌
erector spinae（sacrospinalis）竖脊肌夜盗珍妃墓（骶棘韭黄炒肉丝 肌柴鸥 ）
2)Muscles of Thorax胸肌
pectoralis major胸大肌
serratus anterior前锯肌
intercostales externi肋间外肌
intercostales interni肋间内肌
3）Diaphragm膈
4)Muscles of Abdomen腹肌
obliquus externus abdominis腹外斜肌
obliquus internus abdominis腹内斜肌
transversus abdominis腹横肌
rectus abdominis腹直肌
(4)Muscles of Upper Limb上肢肌
1)Muscles of Shoulder肩肌
deltoid三角肌
2)Muscles of Arm臂肌
biceps brachii肱二头肌
brachialis肱肌
triceps brachii肱三头肌
3)Muscles of Forearm前臂肌
flexor pollicis longus拇长屈肌
flexor digitorum superficialis指浅屈肌
flexor digitorum profundus指深屈肌
extensor pollicis longus拇长伸肌
extensor digitorum指伸肌
4)Muscles of Hand手肌
(5)Muscles of Lower Limb下肢肌
1)Muscles of Hip髋肌
psoas major腰大肌
iliacus髂肌
gluteus maximus臀大肌
piriformis梨状肌
2)Muscles of Thigh大腿肌
sartorius缝匠肌
quadriceps femoris股四头肌
adductor longus长收肌
adductor magnus大收肌
biceps femoris股二头肌
semitendinosus半腱肌
semimembranosus半膜肌
3)Muscles of Leg小腿肌
tibialis anterior胫骨前肌
extensor digitorum longus趾长伸肌
extensor hallucis longus拇长伸肌
triceps surae小腿三头肌
flexor digitorum longus趾长屈肌
tibialis posterior胫骨后肌
flexor hallucis longus拇长屈肌
4)Muscles of Foot足肌
II.Splanchnology内脏学
viscera内脏
1.Alimentary System消化系统
alimentary canal消化管
alimentary gland消化腺
(1)Oral Cavity口腔
oral lips口唇
philtrum人中
cheek颊
hard palate硬腭
soft palate软腭
uvula腭垂
palatine velum腭帆
palatoglossal arch腭舌弓
palatopharyngeal arch腭咽弓
isthmus of fauces咽峡
deciduous teeth乳牙
permanent teeth恒牙
incisor切牙
canine尖牙
premolar前磨牙
molar磨牙
dentine牙质
enamel釉质
cement牙骨质
dental pulp牙髓
tongue舌
parotid gland腮腺
submandibular gland下颌下腺
sublingual gland舌下腺
(2)Pharynx咽
nasopharynx鼻咽
oropharynx口咽
laryngopharynx喉咽
palatine tonsil腭扁桃体
(3)Esophagus食管
(4)Stomach胃
(5)Small Intestine小肠
duodenum十二指肠
jejunum空肠
ileum回肠
(6)Large Intestine大肠
caecum盲肠
vermiform appendix阑尾
ascending colon升结肠
transverse colon横结肠
descending colon降结肠
sigmoid colon乙状结肠
rectum直肠
anal canal肛管
anal column肛柱
anal valve肛瓣
anal sinus肛窦
dental line齿状线
anal pecten肛梳
white line白线
anus肛门
sphincter ani internus肛门内括约肌
sphincter ani externus肛门外括约肌
(7)Liver肝
porta hepatis肝门
hepatic pedicle肝蒂
gallbladder胆囊
(8)Pancreas胰
2.Respiratory System呼吸系统
respiratory tract呼吸道
respiratory organ呼吸器官
(1)Nose鼻
(2)Paranasal Sinus鼻旁窦
frontal sinus额窦
maxillary sinus上颌窦
ethmoidal sinus筛窦
sphenoid sinus蝶窦
(3)Larynx喉
thyroid cartilage甲状软骨
cricoid cartilage环状软骨
arytenoid cartilage杓状软骨
epiglottic cartilage会厌软骨
vocal fold声带
cricothyroid环甲肌
(4)Trachea and Bronchi气管和支气管
right principal bronchus右主支气管
left principal bronchus左主支气管
(5)Lung肺
apex of lung肺尖
base of lung肺底
hilum of lung肺门
root of lung肺根
(6)Pleura胸膜
parietal pleura壁胸膜
viceral pleura脏胸膜
pleural cavity胸膜腔
costodiaphragmatic recess肋膈隐窝
3.Urinary System泌尿系统
kidney肾
renal hilum肾门
renal pedicle肾蒂
renal sinus肾窦
renal region肾区
minor renal calices肾小盏
major renal calices肾大盏
renal pelvis肾盂
ureter输尿管
urinary bladder膀胱
urethra尿道
4.Male Genital System男性生殖系统
testis睾丸
epididymis附睾
ductus deferens输精管
spermatic cord精索
ejaculatory duct射精管
seminal vesicle精囊
prostate前列腺
bulbourethral gland尿道球腺
penis阴茎
scrotum阴囊
5.Female Genital System女性生殖系统
ovary卵巢
uterine tube输卵管
uterus子宫
vagina阴道
vaginal orifice阴道口
hymen处女膜
greater vestibular gland前庭大腺
vulva女阴
greater lip of pudendum大阴唇
lesser lip of pudendum小阴唇
clitoris阴
mamma乳房
mammary papilla（nipple）乳头
6.Peritonium腹膜
peritoneal cavity腹膜腔
lesser omentum小网膜
greater omentum大网膜
mesentery肠系膜
rectovesical pouch直肠膀胱陷凹
vesicouterine pouch膀胱子宫陷凹
rectouterine pouch(Douglas’pouch)直肠子宫陷凹（道格拉斯陷窝）
III.Vascular System脉管系统
1.Cardiovascular System心血管系统
pulmonary circulation（lesser circulation）肺循环（小循环）
systemic circulation（greater circulation）体循环（大循环）
(1)Heart心
right atrium右心房
right ventricle右心室
left atrium左心房
left ventricle左心室
tricuspid valve三尖瓣
bicuspid valve二尖瓣
aortic valve主动脉瓣
pulmonary valve肺动脉瓣
sinoatrial node窦房结
internodal tract结间束
atrioventricular node房室结
atrioventricular bundle（His’bundle）房室束（希氏束）
left bundle branch左束支
rightbundle branch右束支
Purkinje’s fibers普氏纤维
left coronary artery左冠状动脉
right coronary artery右冠状动脉
coronary sinus冠状窦
great cardiac vein心大静脉
middle cardiac vein心中静脉
small cardiac vein心小静脉
pericardium心包
(2)Artery动脉
pulmonary trunk肺动脉干
ascending aorta升主动脉
aortic arch主动脉弓
brachiocephalic trunk头臂干
common carotid artery颈总动脉
external carotid artery颈外动脉
superior thyroid artery甲状腺上动脉
lingual artery舌动脉
facial artery面动脉
superficial temporal artery颞浅动脉
maxillary artery上颌动脉
middle meningeal artery脑膜中动脉
occipital artery枕动脉
posterior auricular artery耳后动脉
internal carotid artery颈内动脉
subclavian artery锁骨下动脉
vertebral artery椎动脉
internal thoracic artery胸廓内动脉
inferior thyroid artery甲状腺下动脉
costocervical trunk肋颈干
axillary artery腋动脉
thoracoacromial artery胸肩峰动脉
lateral thoracic artery胸外侧动脉
subscapular artery肩胛下动脉
posterior humeral circumflex artery旋肱后动脉
brachial artery肱动脉
deep brachial artery肱深动脉
radial artery桡动脉
superficial palmar arch掌浅弓
ulnar artery尺动脉
deep palmar arch掌深弓
common palmar digital arteries指掌侧总动脉
proper palmar digital arteries指掌侧固有动脉
descending aorta降主动脉
thoracic aorta胸主动脉
posterior intercostal arteries肋间后动脉
subcostal artery肋下动脉
abdominal aorta腹主动脉
lumbar arteries腰动脉
inferior phrenic artery膈下动脉
median sacral artery骶正中动脉
middle suprarenal artery肾上腺中动脉
renal artery肾动脉
testicular artery睾丸动脉
ovarian artery卵巢动脉
coeliac trunk腹腔干
left gastric artery胃左动脉
common hepatic artery肝总动脉
splenic artery脾动脉
superior mesenteric artery肠系膜上动脉
inferior mesenteric artery肠系膜下动脉
common iliac artery髂总动脉
internal iliac artery髂内动脉
obturator artery闭孔动脉
superior gluteal artery臀上动脉
inferior gluteal artery臀下动脉
iliolumbar artery髂腰动脉
uterine artery子宫动脉
internal pudendal artery阴部内动脉
external iliac artery髂外动脉
femoral artery股动脉
deep femoral artery股深动脉
popliteal artery腘动脉
posterior tibial artery胫后动脉
peroneal artery腓动脉
medial plantar artery足底内侧动脉
lateral plantar artery足底外侧动脉
anterior tibial artery胫前动脉
dorsal artery of foot足背动脉
(3)Vein静脉
pulmonary vein肺静脉
facial vein面静脉
deep facial vein面深静脉
retromandibular vein下颌后静脉
maxillary vein上颌静脉
pterygoid venous plexus翼静脉丛
superficial temporal vein颞浅静脉
external jugular vein颈外静脉
internal jugular vein颈内静脉
common facial vein面总静脉
superior thyroid vein甲状腺上静脉
middle thyroid vein甲状腺中静脉
subclavian vein锁骨下静脉
venous angle静脉角
cephalic vein头静脉
basilic vein贵要静脉
median cubital vein肘正中静脉
median vein of forearm前臂正中静脉
ulnar vein尺静脉
radial vein桡静脉
brachial vein肱静脉
brachiocephalic vein头臂静脉
superior vena cava上腔静脉
azygos vein奇静脉
posterior intercostal veins肋间后静脉
esophageal vein食管静脉
bronchial vein支气管静脉
ascending lumbar vein腰升静脉
small saphenous vein小隐静脉
great saphenous vein大隐静脉
anterior tibial vein胫前静脉
posterior tibial vein胫后静脉
popliteal vein腘静脉
femoral vein股静脉
external iliac vein髂外静脉
internal iliac vein髂内静脉
common iliac vein髂总静脉
inferior vena cava下腔静脉
inferior phrenic vein膈下静脉
lumbar veins腰静脉
testicular veins睾丸静脉
ovarian veins卵巢静脉
renal vein肾静脉
suprarenal vein肾上腺静脉
hepatic vein肝静脉
hepatic portal vein肝门静脉
superior mesenteric vein肠系膜上静脉
splenic vein脾静脉
inferior mesenteric vein肠系膜下静脉
left gastric vein胃左静脉
right gastric vein胃右静脉
cystic vein胆囊静脉
paraumbilical vein附脐静脉
2.Lymphatic System淋巴系统
lymphatic capillary毛细淋巴管
lymphatic vessel淋巴管
lymphatic trunk淋巴干
jugular trunk颈干
subclavian trunk锁骨下干
bronchomediastinal trunk支气管纵隔干
lumbar trunk腰干
intestinal trunk肠干
right lymphatic duct右淋巴导管
thoracic duct胸导管
cisterna chyli乳糜池
lymph tissue淋巴组织
lymph node淋巴结
spleen脾
thymus胸腺
submandibular lymph node下颌下淋巴结
submental lymph node颏下淋巴结
lateral cervical lymph node颈外侧淋巴结
axillary lymph node腋淋巴结
bronchopulmonary hilar lymph node支气管肺门淋巴结
superficial inguinal lymph node腹股沟浅淋巴结
deep inguinal lymph node腹股沟深淋巴结
internal iliac lymph node髂内淋巴结
external iliac lymph node髂外淋巴结
common iliac lymph node髂总淋巴结
lumbar lymph node腰淋巴结
celiac lymph node腹腔淋巴结
left gastric lymph node胃左淋巴结
right gastric lymph node胃右淋巴结
left gastroepiploic lymph node胃网膜左淋巴结
right gastroepiploic lymph node胃网膜右淋巴结
hepatic lymph node肝淋巴结
pancreaticosplanic lymph node胰脾淋巴结
superior mesenteric lymph node肠系膜上淋巴结
inferior mesenteric lymph node肠系膜下淋巴结
IV.Sensory Organs感觉器官
1.Visual Apparatus视器
(1)Eyeball眼球
cornea角膜
sclera巩膜
iris虹膜
pupil瞳孔
sphincter pupilae瞳孔括约肌
dilator pupilae瞳孔开大肌
ciliary body睫状体
ciliary muscle睫状肌
choroid脉络膜
retina视网膜
optic disc视神经盘
macula lutea黄斑
fovea centralis中央凹
aqueous humor房水
lens晶状体
vitreous body玻璃体
(2)Accessory Visual Apparatus眼副器
Eyelid（palpebra）眼睑
palpebral fissure睑裂
eyelash睫毛
conjunctiva结膜
lacrimal gland泪腺
nasolacrimal duct鼻泪管
levator palpebrae superioris上睑提肌
superior rectus上直肌
inferior rectus下直肌
medial rectus内直肌
lateral rectus外直肌
superior obliquus上斜肌
inferior obliquus下斜肌
ophthalmic artery眼动脉
central artery of retina视网膜中央动脉
superior ophthalmic vein眼上静脉
inferior ophthalmic vein眼下静脉
2.Vestibulocochlear organ前庭蜗器
(1)External Ear外耳
auricle耳廓
tympanic membrane鼓膜
(2)Middle Ear中耳
tympanic cavity鼓室
malleus锤骨
incus砧骨
stapes镫骨
tensor tympani鼓膜张肌
(3)Internal Ear内耳
bony labyrinth骨迷路
cochlea耳蜗
vestibule前庭
bony semicircular canal骨半规管
cochlear duct蜗管
spiral organ（Corti’s organ）螺旋器（Corti器）
scala vestibuli前庭阶
scala tympani鼓阶
membranous semicircular duct膜半规管
V.Nervous System神经系统
gray matter灰质
white matter白质
cortex皮质
medulla髓质
nucleus神经核
ganglion神经节
fasciculus传导束
nerve神经
reticular formation网状结构
1.Peripheral Nervous System周围神经系统
(1)Spinal Nerves脊神经
cervical plexus颈丛
lesser occipital nerve枕小神经
great auricular nerve 耳大神经
transverse nerve of neck颈横神经
supraclavicular nerves锁骨上神经
phrenic nerve膈神经
brachial plexus臂丛
axillary nerve腋神经
musculocutaneous nerve肌皮神经
median nerve正中神经
ulnar nerve尺神经
radial nerve桡神经
intercostal nerve肋间神经
subcostal nerve肋下神经
lumbar plexus腰丛
femoral nerve股神经
obturator nerve闭孔神经
genitofemoral nerve生殖股神经
sacral plexus骶丛
superior gluteal nerve臀上神经
inferior gluteal nerve臀下神经
pudendal nerve阴部神经
sciatic nerve坐骨神经
tibial nerve胫神经
common peroneal nerve腓总神经
superficial peroneal nerve腓浅神经
deep peroneal nerve腓深神经
（2）Cranial Nerves脑神经
olfactory nerve嗅神经
optic nerve视神经
oculomotor nerve动眼神经
trochlear nerve滑车神经
trigeminal nerve三叉神经
abducent nerve展神经
facial nerve面神经
vestibulocochlear nerve前庭蜗神经
glossopharyngeal nerve舌咽神经
vagus nerve迷走神经
accessory nerve副神经
hypoglossal nerve舌下神经
（3）Visceral Nervous System内脏神经系统
sympathetic nerve交感神经
parasympathetic nerve副交感神经
sympathetic trunk交感干
celiac ganglia腹腔神经节
superior mesenteric ganglia肠系膜上神经节
inferior mesenteric ganglia肠系膜下神经节
aorticorenal ganglia主动脉肾节
greater splanchnic nerve内脏大神经
lesser splanchnic nerve内脏小神经
lumbar splanchnic nerve腰内脏神经
abdominal aortic plexus腹主动脉丛
inferior mesenteric plexus肠系膜下丛
pelvic plexus盆丛
2．Central Nervous System中枢神经系统
（1）Spinal Cord脊髓
cervical enlargement颈膨大
lumbosacral enlargement腰骶膨大
conus medullaris脊髓圆锥
filum terminale终丝
cauda equina马尾
central canal中央管
anterior horn (anterior column）前角（前柱）
posterior horn (posterior column）后角（后柱）
lateral horn (lateral column）侧角（侧柱）
anterior funiculus前索
posterior funiculus后索
lateral funiculus外侧索
fasciculus gracilis薄束
fasciculus cuneatus楔束
posterior spinocerebellar tract脊髓小脑后束
anterior spinocerebellar tract脊髓小脑前束
spinothalamic tract脊髓丘脑束
corticospinal tract皮质脊髓束
rubrospinal tract红核脊髓束
vestibulospinal tract前庭脊髓束
reticulospinal tract网状脊髓束
tectospinal tract顶盖脊髓束
medial longitudinal fasciculus内侧纵束
(2)Brain脑
1）Medulla Oblongata延髓
pyramid锥体
decussation of pyramid锥体交叉
olive橄榄
gracile tubercle薄束结节
cuneate tubercle楔束结节
inferior cerebellar peduncle小脑下脚
2）Pons脑桥
bulbopontine sulcus延髓脑桥沟
basilar part基底部
basilar sulcus基底沟
middle cerebellar peduncle小脑中脚
superior cerebellar peduncle小脑上脚
rhomboid fossa（floor of fourth ventricle）菱形窝（第四脑室底）
vestibular area前庭区
acoustic tubercle听结节
medial eminence内侧隆起
facial colliculus面神经丘
hypoglossal triangle舌下神经三角
vagal triangle迷走神经三角
fourth ventricle第四脑室
superior medullary velum上髓帆
inferior medullary velum下髓帆
3）Midbrain中脑
cerebral peduncle大脑脚
interpeduncular fossa脚间窝
superior colliculus上丘
inferior colliculus下丘
hypoglossal nucleus舌下神经核
accessary nucleus副神经核
dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve迷走神经背核
nucleus ambiguus疑核
inferior salivatory nucleus下泌涎核
nucleus of solitary tract孤束核
spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve三叉神经脊束核
gracile nucleus薄束核
cuneate nucleus楔束核
inferior olivary nucleus下橄榄核
facial nucleus面神经核
abducens nucleus展神经核
motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve三叉神经运动核
superior salivatory nucleus上泌涎核
pontine nucleus of trigeminal nerve三叉神经脑桥核
ventral and dorsal cochlear nuclei蜗神经腹侧核和蜗神经背侧核
vestibular nuclei前庭神经核
oculomotor nucleus动眼神经核
trochlear nucleus滑车神经核
accessory oculomotor nucleus动眼神经副核
mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve三叉神经中脑核
red nucleus红核
substantia nigra黑质
medial lemniscus内侧丘系
lateral lemniscus外侧丘系
spinothalamic lemniscus脊髓丘系
trigeminal lemniscus三叉丘系
4）Cerebellum小脑
fastigial nucleus顶核
globose nucleus球状核
emboliform nucleus栓状核
dentate nucleus齿状核
anterior lobe前叶
posterior lobe后叶
flocculonodular lobe绒球小结叶
5）Diencephalon间脑
dorsal thalamus背侧丘脑
metathalamus后丘脑
epithalamus上丘脑
subthalamus底丘脑
hypothalamus下丘脑
medial geniculate body内侧膝状体
lateral geniculate body外侧膝状体
optic chiasma视交叉
optic tract视束
supraoptic nucleus视上核
paraventricular nucleus室旁核
6）Telencephalon端脑
cerebral hemisphere大脑半球
corpus callosum胼胝体
cerebral cortex大脑皮质
cerebral medullary substance大脑髓质
basal nuclei基底核
lateral ventricle侧脑室
lateral sulcus外侧沟
central sulcus中央沟
parietooccipital sulcus顶枕沟
precentral sulcus中央前沟
precentral gyrus中央前回
superior frontal sulcus额上沟
inferior frontal sulcus额下沟
superior frontal gyrus额上回
middle frontal gyrus额中回
inferior frontal gyrus额下回
parietal lobe顶叶
postcentral sulcus中央后沟
postcentral gyrus中央后回
intraparietal sulcus顶内沟
superior parietal lobule顶上小叶
inferior parietal lobule顶下小叶
supramarginal gyrus缘上回
angular gyrus角回
temporal lobe颞叶
superior temporal sulcus颞上沟
inferior temporal sulcus颞下沟
superior temporal gyrus颞上回
middle temporal gyrus颞中回
inferior temporal gyrus颞下回
transverse temporal gyri颞横回
insular lobe（insula）岛叶
calcarine sulcus距状沟
callosal sulcus胼胝体沟
hippocampal sulcus海马沟
cingulate sulcus扣带沟
paracentral lobule中央旁小叶
cuneus楔叶
lingual gyrus舌回
cingulate gyrus扣带回
parahippocampal gyrus海马旁回
uncus钩
dentate gyrus齿状回
hippocampus海马
limbic lobe边缘叶
corpus striatum纹状体
caudate nucleus尾状核
lentiform nucleus豆状核
amygdaloid body杏仁体
claustrum屏状核
internal capsule内囊
(3)Nervous Pathways神经传导路
pyramidal system锥体系
corticospinal tract皮质脊髓束
corticonuclear tract皮质核束
extrapyramidal system锥体外系
(4)Meninges窃读记教案 ，Blood Vessels of Brain and Spinal Cord大阴阳真经 ，and Cerebrospinal Fluid
脑和脊髓的被膜、血管及脑脊液循环
dura mater硬膜
arachnoid mater蛛网膜
subarachnoid space蛛网膜下隙
pia mater软膜
anterior cerebral artery大脑前动脉
anterior communicating artery前交通动脉
middle cerebral artery大脑中动脉
posterior communicating artery后交通动脉
posterior cerebral artery大脑后动脉
cerebral arterial circle（Willis’ circle）大脑动脉环（Willis环）
vertebral artery椎动脉
anterior spinal artery脊髓前动脉
posterior spinal artery脊髓后动脉
posterior inferior cerebellar artery小脑下后动脉
basilar artery基底动脉
anterior inferior cerebellar artery小脑下前动脉
superior cerebellar artery小脑上动脉
superior cerebral veins大脑上静脉
inferior cerebral veins大脑下静脉
great cerebral vein大脑大静脉
internal cerebral vein大脑内静脉
blood-brain barrier(BBB)血-脑屏障
blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier(B-CSF)血-脑脊液屏障
cerebrospinal fluid-brain barrier(CSF-BB)脑脊液-脑屏障
VI.Endocrine System内分泌系统
endocrine gland内分泌腺
hypophysis垂体
thyroid gland甲状腺
parathyroid gland甲状旁腺
suprarenal gland肾上腺
pineal body松果体
pancreatic islet胰岛
thymus胸腺